AEPI Leadership Strategies for Workplace CERT

AEPI Leadership Strategies for Workplace CERT
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ABSTRACT
The workplace CERT ensures that the society is trained on skills based on disaster response mechanism that incorporates medical emergence operation, evacuation protocol, fire safety systems, team management, search strategy and various rescue procedures. All these activities are essential in enhancing leadership strategies used by Atlanta Emergency Preparedness Institute (AEPI) in the area of Workplace CERT. this research intended to answer How effective is the workplace CERT? And is the result delivered by workplace CERT reliable enough to be used by AEPI? Besides, the workplace CERT can influence the culture of leadership and accountability within the AEPI. For example, organizing and training staffs in terms volunteering program will assist them to respond to a disaster in a more systematic, responsible, safe and effective way. This will guarantee limited damage before professional response arrives. In reference to personal protection, OSHA requires that staffs should always be protected flying particles, from falling object, chemical splashes, unknown atmospheres that have toxic gasses, inadequate oxygen, live electrical wiring, and fire.
Keywords: emergency, disaster, response, preparedness and workplace CERT
AEPI Leadership Strategies for Workplace CERT
1. INTRODUCTION
i. Statement of the problem
Workplace Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) is countrywide accepted ideology and is a program that is always implemented locally through the act of educating people on how they can effectively prepare the community for an upcoming disaster.

The workplace CERT ensures that the society is trained on skills based on disaster response mechanism that incorporates medical emergence operation, evacuation protocol, fire safety systems, team management, search strategy and various rescue procedures. All these activities are essential in enhancing leadership strategies used by Atlanta Emergency Preparedness Institute (AEPI) in the area of Workplace CERT.
ii. Research aim and objective
The primary purpose of this study is to determine if the workplace CERT strategic leadership program has the potential of enhancing the AEPI in the area of Workplace CERT. Furthermore, vast sources related to the topic will be utilized to establish this objective.
iii. Research questions or hypotheses
a. How effective is the workplace CERT?
b. Is the result delivered by workplace CERT reliable enough to be used by AEPI?
iv. Expected outcomes/deliverables
a. The workplace CERT can influence the culture of leadership and accountability within the AEPI. For example, organizing and training staffs in terms volunteering program will assist them to respond to a disaster in a more systematic, responsible, safe and effective way. This will guarantee limited damage before professional response arrives. Secondly, volunteers can influence workplace to be safer through conducting fire safety education and emergency drills. The AEPI volunteers can also be useful in other non-emergency events such the company organized picnics and public show through assisting in situational awareness, medical care services, direct traffic and crowds management.
b. The limitations of the workplace CERT program is that it requires consistent enthusiasm in terms of making it active otherwise the program will be undermined with program fatigue. Therefore, the AEPI will have to be consistent and engaged with this program. This is because consistent and engagement is paramount through an active program like regular drills and installation of advanced emergencies equipment.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
A review of five studies shows similar results on whether the workplace CERT strategic leadership program has the potential of enhancing AEPI in the area of Workplace CERT. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), organizations with more than ten staffs are required to have an official documented emergency action plan. For small companies, they may have the liberty to state their emergency action plan orally. In the emergency action plan, it should highlight a stated process such as escape route and exits procedures, special procedures for staffs who handle complex operations such as toxic chemicals, a system that account for every staffs after a successful evacuation, medical and rescue duties for staff who handle them, the structure and means for reporting emergencies such as a fire outbreak.
According to AEPI website, the AEPI is an example of a corporation that educates various individuals such as workers, students and community volunteers on significant practices that aim at protecting health, lives, and well-being of the society, employees, stakeholders and also ensures continuity of business through an immediate restoration of the organization. Therefore, the AEPI can manage successful the utilization the workplace CERT.
According to the Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council, large corporations have invested in deploying a secondary site that can be utilized to manage emergency recovery. The secondary site is identical to the primary site, only that it is used for disaster recovery. In production, the concept of time is very paramount. However, an immediate disaster always consumes valuable production time. This idea can be used by AEPI to enhance their workplace CERT.
According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), workplace resilience is raised through improved personal preparedness plan that ensures the continuity of businesses one’s a disaster has been neutralized. Furthermore, every organization is required to have a particular workplace CERT starter guide that is managed by a team of designated experts in the matter of disaster management.
A report released by Cloud Endure states that the cloud system is current one of the profitable production infrastructure provider. Today, 43% of companies output servers are connected to the public cloud. Secondly, 37% of various firms production servers are linked to private cloud. Lastly, 20% of production servers are joined to the physical cloud. Lastly, 20% of production servers are joined to physical cloud. The cloud system is used as an emergency response system for storing IT-based data for firms facing an outrage like downtime.
3. DISCUSSION
i. The Atlanta Emergency Preparedness Institute (AEPI)
The Atlanta Emergency Preparedness Institute (AEPI) is an example of a corporation that educates various individual such as workers, students and community volunteers on significant practices to protect health, lives, and well-being of the society, employees, stakeholders and also ensure continuity of business through an immediate restoration of the organization (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).. In short, the AEPI was started with the aim of inducing leadership responsibility to many people. They do this through teaching and implementing the proficient practices aimed at saving lives, maintain a perfect well-being and health of the stakeholders, employees and the business itself through restoration or through ensuring continuity within the firm’s community. The AEPI is in charge of various mandates such as it involves many professional experts from a vast spectrum of businesses, disciplines, organization, public sector, schools and center that are found within metro Atlanta area (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).
Contrarily, the aim of having experts from broad spectrums is that they ensure theoretical and applied concepts are utilized. This incorporates the use of basic science, translation of scientific phenomena and the overall clinical implementation process. Secondly, the AEPI facilitates and coordinates innovative technological, academic, and entrepreneurial communication between its members (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).. Thirdly, the Institute uses approaches such as education, research, practices, and community outreach so that their member can be well facilitated.
More ever, emergencies and other forms of disasters can negatively impact limbs and life, infrastructure and structure, finance and economy, transit and travel and totally the overall business recovery and continuity (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).. Therefore it is upon the institute objective to account for the section of protection, prevention, mitigation, preparation, recovery, response and resiliency to form of hazard disasters, emergencies, and terrorism that is either caused naturally, intentionally or accidentally.
b. Type of disasters handled by AEPI
Natural disasters are influenced by weather-related episodes like windstorms, blizzards, floods, tornadoes, landslides, tsunamis, avalanches, earthquakes, cyclones, volcanic eruption, forest fires pandemic and epidemic (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014). Additionally, the infection of newly emerging, existing or re-emerging infectious illness can also be termed as a natural emergency.
On the other hand, accidental disasters include space, rail, air or road accidents. They also incorporate structural collapses in significant structures like dams, building, tunnels and bridges, industrial accidents, fires, accidental environmental threats, and hazardous material spills. Lastly, intentional disasters are based on war, assassination, organized armed conflict, active shooter, chemical, radiological, biological, explosive and nuclear threats (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).
c. The core mission of The Atlanta Emergency Preparedness Institute
It’s upon the AEPI to ensure such disaster are prevented at all cost and when they occur they are handled and managed in a systematic manner in the aim of avoiding further damages. Many people are encouraged to join the AEPI because it forms an extensive network of relevant resources that unite various private and public sector partners through providing professional expertise in broad areas like health care that incorporates nursing, medicine, pharmacy, or allied health professions in in-patient and outpatient institutional settings (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014). Secondly, they also offer behavioral health care that involves social work, psychology, and neuroscience. They also educate on emergency medical service, public health, public safety, emergency management, engineering, criminal justice, mathematics, homeland security, computer science, drug development, law, pharmacology, business, political science, explosive science, linguistics, government, public policy, planning and government (Day, Reed and Cochran, 2014).
ii. Background information on Workplace CERT
Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) is countrywide accepted ideology and is a program that is always implemented locally through educating people on how they can effectively prepare the community for upcoming disasters (FEMA, 2016). The workplace CERT ensures that the society is trained on skills based on disaster response mechanism that incorporates medical emergence operation, evacuation protocol, fire safety systems, team management, search strategy and various rescue procedures (FEMA, 2016). The CERT program always incorporates a team of volunteers who aim at supporting their society through promoting, organizing, and participating in disaster preparedness activities, events, and projects. For example, the Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) was established as a CERT program after a thorough evaluation of the civilian response to an emergency in both Japan and Mexico earthquake in 1985 (FEMA, 2016).
In their review, they acknowledge the fact that the community will always form the basis of a successful handled disaster at its early stage. This is because the communities have an understanding of their close co-workers, family members, and neighbors and during an emergency, they will do their best to assist each other. In 1985, the Japan and Mexico earthquake killed 10000 people, but untrained response team managed to save more than 700 lives (FEMA, 2016). Even though 100 volunteers were killed in the rescue mission, they still managed to save more lives. This shows that training of the community can enhance disaster management abilities that will enable the saving of lives and properties.
Currently, the United States is training every community nationally through a CERT program known as Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). This is a government based project that ensures that workplace resilience is raised through improved personal preparedness plan that ensures the continuity of businesses one’s a disaster has been neutralized (FEMA, 2016).
b. Workplace CERT starter guide
Besides, every organization is required to have a particular workplace CERT starter guide that is managed by a team of designated expert in matters of disaster management. In order to draft a workplace CERT, you are required to evaluate the workplace needs. This incorporates reviewing past disasters that have affected the community and the firm (FEMA, 2016). Additionally, it is significant to review the response resources that are around the firm and the community in general. In the end, draft a goal plan that will assist in addressing the issues and gap established in the evaluation and it is referred to as hazard assessment. In this section, it involves analyzing risks found in your workplace through reviewing employees complains, technology and operation processes in the work environment (FEMA, 2016).
Many firms have a function or nonoperational current assessment for emergency operation plan, business continuity plan, emergency action plan, and business impact analysis. Therefore, it is significant first to review this plan before drafting a new system (FEMA, 2016). After this, it is important to speak to the leaders and employees responsible for the firm`s safety. This is in the quest of determining unnoticed relevant hazards and other prioritized strategic goal that the current CERT has not highlighted. The workplace CERT can influence a culture of leadership and accountability within the company (FEMA, 2016). For example, organizing and training staffs in terms volunteering program will assist AEPI to respond to a disaster in a more systematic, responsible, safe and effective way that will guarantee limited damage before professional response arrive.
Secondly, volunteers can influence AEPI workplace to be safer through conducting fire safety education and emergency drills. The volunteers can also be useful in other non-emergency events such the AEPI organized picnics and public show through assisting in situational awareness, medical care services, direct traffic and crowds management (FEMA, 2016). Thirdly, a conclusive workplace CERT program assists the AEPI management and leadership ability through showing the staffs and the local community that their organization is a safe place to visit, work or invest. Fourthly, workplace CERT can also offer an avenue for the AEPI to collaborate with local leaders and professional response agencies in the society (FEMA, 2016). Lastly, the staff can be educated on skills that will assist them to proficient in home disaster preparedness that can be beneficial to the entire society.
c. Limitation of Workplace CERT Program
Furthermore, workplace CERT program requires consistent enthusiasm in terms of making it active otherwise the program will be undermined with program fatigue (FEMA, 2016). Therefore, AEPI will be required to show consistent engagement. This is because consistent engagement is paramount through active programs like regular drills and installation of advanced emergencies equipment.
d. Statistical data on the progress of Workplace CERT Program in Disaster preparedness as exhibited by various firm globally
In a benchmark survey, it was determined that there was a huge shortfall in the disaster preparedness of many firms globally. In a grading system of A to F, with A stating the best, it was found that 73% of firms fall between D or F in term of disaster readiness. Alternatively, only 27% of companies managed a score of A, B or C (Cloud Endure, 2016). This means many firms globally are at risk of being kicked out of the industry when an emergency severely hit them. Many firms have reported losses that have ranged from a couple of thousand dollars to millions of dollars. This shows that disaster preparedness is a profitable strategic activity (Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council, 2014).
More ever, 65% of firms that have lost millions of dollars in a single disaster event have confessed to facts that they do not have a strategic emergency plan or workplace CERT (Cloud Endure, 2016). Today, research from credible sources has established that firms globally are subjecting their business operations into potential risks by not having a prepared recovery IT systems in an episode of a disaster. Many companies store their data electronically. Therefore, IT structures are valuable in any organization. However, a survey has proved that many companies do not have a preparedness system that can recover critical IT system in an episode of an emergency. In the end, the critical system causes significant damage to the business through loss of money, diversion of resources towards recovery, and damaged reputation. Not forgetting, 35% of firms always never recover data lost in the event of an outage (Cloud Endure, 2016).
Simultaneously, large corporations have invested in deploying a secondary site that can be utilized to manage emergency recovery. The secondary site is identical to the primary site it’s only that it is used for disaster recovery (Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council, 2014). In production, the concept of time is very paramount. However, an immediate disaster always consumes valuable production time. For instance, it has been noted that during a disaster a firm can lose one critical application and this can consume 35% of the production time as they seek services like repairing and replace of the application (Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council, 2014). In short, this means that in the event of a disaster the admin will try to utilize replicas and backup that can take almost half a day to restore. More ever, the cost of losing relevant applications in a disaster event has been estimated to incur more than $5000 per minute in a large corporation (Cloud Endure, 2016).
The primary function of benchmark survey is to conduct reviews on the challenges and practices of various firms in their project to implement disaster recovery system. Many companies store their data through the cloud system. The cloud system is current one of the profitable production infrastructure providers. Today, 43% of companies output servers are connected to the public cloud. Secondly, 37% of various firms production servers are linked to private cloud. Lastly, 20% of production servers are joined to the physical cloud (Cloud Endure, 2016). Internationally, AWS, Microsoft Hyper-v, IBM Soft layer, VMware vShere, Rackspace Cloud, VMware vCloud Air and Google cloud platform are the popular cloud supplying companies that offer the cloud storage services.
Many companies have a culture of not informing their clients when a disaster hit them. It has been established that 42% of organizations always notify their client in a disaster event (Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council, 2014). This is mostly done by 22% through regular emailing or 29% through posting on the firm`s website. However, 12% of the firms do not share such information with their clients. 25% of the firms have a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of less than a minute after neutralization of downtime disaster while 5% of the companies do even define their own RPO (Cloud Endure, 2016).
In the IT business, the concept of system availability is one threat that business in this sector face. Some of these system availability problems are caused by human error, network failure, storage failure, application bugs, application scalability limitations, power failure, and external threats like hacking. Consequently, these problems are facilitated by insufficient IT resources, budget limitations, lack of in-house expertise, keeping up with the pace of growth or change, limit on the firm`s ability to prevent software bugs, cloud resource capacity, limitation on the firm`s capability to prevent configuration error and coping with peak demand.
On the other, there are other strategies of storing IT data in the midst of disaster. This incorporates the utilization of disaster recovery as a service (DRaaS), remote storage backup that involves the use of sharpshooting daily data dumps, self-managed disaster recovery site and local backup that involves snapshot of daily data dumps. In the IT system industry, the concept of downtime disaster causes a lost $ 100000 per day while a single large company has the potential of losing $ 10000 per day from downtime effect (Cloud Endure, 2016).
e. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Workplace CERT.
According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), organizations with more than ten staffs are required to have an official documented emergency action plan (U.S. Department of Labor, 2004). For small companies, they may have the liberty to state their emergency action plan orally. In the emergency action plan, it should highlight a stated process such as escape route and exits procedures, special procedures for staffs who handle complex operations such as toxic chemicals, a system that account for every staffs after a successful evacuation, medical and rescue duties for staffs who handle them, the structure and means for reporting emergencies such as a fire outbreak (U.S. Department of Labor, 2004).
In an emergencies action plan, the chain of command is significant in ensuring things are done effectively, and more lives or properties are saved in the process. Therefore, the manager should appoint an emergency response coordinator and his assistant. The coordinator prime duty is to handle the firm’s operational monitoring, pass information to the staffs or managers, and also ensure structure are in place to facilitate outside aiding during a crisis (U.S. Department of Labor, 2004). Hence, the primary duties of a coordinator incorporate establishing the potential emergencies the firm is prone to and also overseeing that emergency procedures are in place to handle the disaster when it occurs. The coordinator is accountable for every staff following an evacuation situation. Lastly, the coordinator is responsible for putting in place effective security protocols that prevent unauthorized protection and access to top vital equipment and records.
In training of staff, OSHA requires every staff should have knowledge of the emergency action plan that consists of the alarm system, shutdown procedures, evacuation plans, reporting procedures and the potential disaster prone to the firm (U.S. Department of Labor, 2004). Additionally, the firm should conduct random drills that include both the fire department and police so as to strengthen the plan. More ever, when advanced equipment is installed, it is required that employees are trained on how to handle them.
In reference to personal protection, OSHA requires that staffs should always be protected from flying particles, falling object, chemical splashes, unknown atmospheres that have toxic gasses, inadequate oxygen, live electrical wiring, and fire (U.S. Department of Labor, 2004). Additionally, OSHA requires that every firm should be linked to nearest a first aid response service that is available in less than five minutes. Finally, the company emergency response team should be well trained in areas such as the utilization of various fire extinguishers, first aid tools, shutdown protocols, chemical spill control procedures, emergency search rescue procedure, hazardous material emergency response and also the team should have the requirements stated in OSHA bloodborne pathogen standards.
3. RESEARCH METHODS
The research was done by reading and analysis peer-reviewed articles, published books about the topic. Additionally, government reports and newspaper articles on the matter were also used. Various firsthand research data was also obtained through observing video clip of how the community responded to a disaster. For instance, the response strategy in used by Mexico and Japan in the 1985 earthquake was very resourceful. If I had resources and time, I could have visited emergency response center such the firefighting department in the quest of obtaining more detail on strategic disaster response. Furthermore, more research should continue to be held to give the public more knowledge on disaster response and how they can effectively prepare for it in advance.
4. FINDING
From the research, it can be noted that concept of risk is based on the chances of harm occurring in a production process of an exposed hazardous situation in a workplace. In the daily operation of AEPI, staffs are at risk of a possible illness, injuries or death. Therefore, it is the solemn duty of AEPI`s manager to identify which section of their response activities presents risks for their employees. Additionally, when you have established the threat that poses risks for the staffs, it is wise to ensure that you do your best to reduce or eliminate those risks. The aspect of health hazard is expensive in the normal operations of any business (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). For instance, you are required to compensate the injured staff through medical insurance fund. Secondly, the number of active employees always reduces and this affects the overall output. Lastly, high risk in management has the potential of increasing the rate of employee turnover. Many employees prefer firms with limited health risk (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). Therefore, they will abandon your firm for another safer industry that does not have health threaten conditions. This situation will reduce the quantity of your output and also affect the quality of your merchandise.
Secondly, it significant to assess the risk once you have identified it. This involves reviewing the nature of the risk that is done through establishing if the threat can cause fatigues, lacerations, muscular strains and burns to employees (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). Thirdly, it involves an act of controlling risk immediately. This involves the act of brainstorming control measures that would minimize the risks. For example, the manager can recommend regular servicing of machines and repairing any damaged equipment in the facility. Finally, the last step is reviewing the effectiveness of the control measures. This involves the act of revising any ineffectiveness of policies put in place to reduce health risk in a firm`s operating systems (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001).
Consequently, risk management for any business incorporates four steps that include identifying the risk as the first step. This is done through reviewing the physical work environment, the machines used by staffs, the component of the raw materials, the job done by employees, and the work design itself. In additional to that, you can also review the various workers’ complaints, study more external sourced based on risk management and consult with various staffs on issues pertaining to their safety and health in their daily job. More ever, approach such as eliminating, replace, and isolating the risk can be effective as a control measure. The company can also offer every staff their individual protective equipment that incorporates protective eyewear, hard hats, ear muffs, and gloves.

The diagram shows a summary of steps used in risk management (Unite cec branch, 2015).
Besides, the principle of safeguarding the employee`s welfare and safety is not the mandate of the manager alone. This is because the government has set up vivid guidelines on how staff should be protected and cared for in an accidental injury incurred during working. According to the compensation statute, workers should be paid a temporary disability financial allowance for the time he or she was off from work (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). Secondly, the entire medical bills incurred during the treatment and care of the injury should be paid by the company. Thirdly, the firm will have to settle the staff for the future limitation that the injury may have caused in his career. This means compensation for any permanent disability that the employee may suffer. Lastly, if the employee has a lawyer representation, then the firm will be forced to pay the charges for the attorney`s service.
Contrarily, many institutional managers are incorporating insurance services and product to help them in employee compensation programs. Risk insurance firms are very essential in management operation because they assist in risk financing, loss prevention, claims administration and loss mitigation (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001). In short, these activities involve the act of paying injured employees through the required status and preventing the firms from financial loss due to additional expenses used in compensating staff. They also discuss with workers on potential health risks, and they negotiate with injured employees on behalf of the firm on how well they will be compensated for their disability incurred during working.
In governance, the organization should draft policies, procedures, and processes that will guarantee them strategic health safety prevention systems. This also incorporates the firm`s workplace safety culture such as the use of protective equipment during daily operation. In prevention, the firms are required to perform safety audit and data analysis. Furthermore, they have an obligation to educate staffs on better secure ways of handling machines and also monitoring the health every specific employee (U.S. Department of Labor, 2001).
In response, it involves the immediate elimination of risks once it has been identified. For instance, if staffs have been injured in machine handling task it is important to replace or repair the machine instantly so to avoid another accident. In managing hazards, it incorporates the use of proficient hazard management systems that will stop a threat before anyone is injured. This involves regular medical checkup for every employee and also occasional machine servicing to establish wear and tear effect so as to know which sections of the machine needs replacement. In recovery, this involves compensation mechanism that will ensure the staff is well cared for has he nurses his or her injuries.
The diagram show a systematic approach leaders should use to ensure risks are minimized in their respective industries. (Australian Government Comcare, 2014)
5. RECOMMENDATION
The AEPI should operate according to OSHA guidelines. For instance, OSHA requires that staffs should always be protected from flying particles, falling object, chemical splashes, unknown atmospheres that have toxic gasses, inadequate oxygen, live electrical wiring, and fire. Additionally, OSHA requires that every firm should be linked to nearest a first aid response service is available in less than five minutes.
The AEPI should also venture in software emergency response service. In the IT industry, the concept of downtime disaster causes a lost $ 100000 per day while a single large company has the potential of losing $ 10000 per day from downtime effect. They can enter in this field through the creation of storage cloud services for organizations to data storage system. Therefore, many firms will need their assist in restoration and backup service.
The AEPI should also be acknowledging on insurance services. AEPI incorporating insurance services and product to help them in employee compensation programs can be essential in their quest to assist in disaster response. Risk insurance firms are very essential in management operation because they assist in risk financing, loss prevention, claims administration and loss mitigation. In short, these activities involve the act of paying injured employees through the required status and preventing the firms from financial loss due to additional expenses used in compensating staff. They also discuss with workers on potential health risks, and they negotiate with injured employees on behalf of the firm on how well they will be compensated for their disability incurred during working.
6. CONCLUSION
The workplace CERT can influence the culture of leadership and accountability within the AEPI. For example, organizing and training staffs in terms volunteering program will assist them to respond to the disaster in a more systematic, responsible, safe and effective way that will guarantee limited damage before professional response arrive. Secondly, volunteers can influence workplace to be safer through conducting fire safety education and emergency drills. The volunteers can also be useful in other non-emergency events such the company organized picnics and public show through assisting in situational awareness, medical care services, direct traffic and crowds management. In reference to personal protection, OSHA requires that staffs should always be protected flying particles, from falling object, chemical splashes, unknown atmospheres that have toxic gasses, inadequate oxygen, live electrical wiring, and fire. Therefore, members of the AEPI can be more secure in their duties without having any fear of losing professional response personnel in the midst of neutralizing a disaster.

References
Australian Government Comcare. (2014).Managing risks in the workplace.
Retrieved from. https://www.comcare.gov.au/preventing/managing_risks_in_the_workplace
Cloud Endure.(2016). Disaster Recovery Challenges and Best Practice. Pdf
Disaster Recovery Preparedness Council.(2014). The State of Global Disaster Recovery Preparedness. Pdf
FEMA.(2016). Workplace CERT Starter Guide. Community emergency team.pdf
FEMA. (2016). Leadership Strategies for Community Risk Reduction. pdf
Day L. James, Reed M.Kasim, and Cochran J. Kelvin.(2014). Atlanta Fire Rescue Department Atlanta, Georgia 2014 Risk Assessment and Standards of Cover.pdf
Unite cec branch. (2015). Help with Health and safety matter. Retrieved from. http://www.unitececbranch.org/health-and-safety.html
U.S. Department of Labor.(2001). How to Plan for Workplace Emergencies and Evacuations. pdf
U.S. Department of Labor.(2004). Occupational Safety and Health Administration. pdf