Anemia Coursework Example

Anemia
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Review Chapter 237 in Part 21 of the Buttaro et al. text
Anemia is a health condition that the body has a little number of the red blood cells. The supply of oxygen in the body depends on the functioning of red blood cells. The oxygen combines with the hemoglobin found on the red blood cells to form an advanced compound. The compound helps in the transport of oxygen to various body tissues. Therefore, an anemic patient suffers inadequate oxygen supply in the body tissues. The inadequate oxygen in the blood makes the patient feel dizzy and tired. The anemic condition has many forms. The condition might be long-term or temporary (Flora 2012). Again the condition might be mild or serious depending on the cause of the disorder. The dosage and treatment of the anemia include taking supplements and undergoing certain medical procedures (Buttaro 2017). The best a normal person can prevent anemia is by eating a healthy diet with plenty of vitamins and minerals.
Explanation of One Differential Diagnosis for the Patient
The differential diagnosis of the anemia includes the dyspnea. The dyspnea is caused by the shortness of breath. The breath difficulties are caused by the lack of enough oxygen supply in the body hence the body has a deficiency of the oxygen. The lack of enough blood cells is caused by the malfunctioning of the bone marrow or low lifespan of the red blood cells. The patient begins to suffer from chest pains with time if the condition worsens.

Description of the Role Played by the Patient History
The one past history of the patient includes the past history of hypertension. This is a clear indication of the aplastic anemia. The hypertension is caused by the stroke and heart failure related disorders (Shavelle 2012). This is caused by the reduced red blood cell production in the bone marrow. The blood marrow lacks the capacity to make enough blood cells. This results in hypertension and an enlarged heart which leads to stroke. Hypertension makes the patient emaciate slowly and worsens with time.
Description of the Role Played by Physical Exam and Lab Reports
The physical exam on the patient helps to diagnosis the specific type of the anemia. The different types of anemia have different types of treatment and therapies. The physical examination makes the patient get the right type of the treatment because the exact type of the anemia is diagnosed. The lab reports give the scientific proof of the type of the anemia the patient is suffering. The lab reports indicate the type and the seriousness of the illness. Pathophysiology Explanation of the Type of Anemia Diagnosed
The type of the anemia detected was the aplastic anemia. The specific cause of the aplastic anemia is not known. The conditions and infections which accompany the disorder include hepatitis, hypertension and chest pains. The factors that make one predisposed to the condition include the arsenic compounds, the pesticides, and the benzene. The structure of the bone marrow is altered thus the number of the red blood cells produced is decreased.
Potential Treatment Options
The treatment for the aplastic anemia range from blood transfusion to medication. The blood transfusion is done to prevent the severe conditions such as the dyspnea and the chest pains. In some cases, the bone marrow transplant is done to cure the disorder (Wang 2016). Again, the predisposing factor is withdrawn to reduce the severity of the condition and reduce the possible toxins causing the illness. The medication for the aplastic anemia include the warfarin and the lisinopril dosages daily for a period of seven days.
Cause for This Type of Anemia
The causes of the condition include the toxins such as the arsenic compounds and the benzene. The compounds are poisonous and alter the functioning of the bone marrow. The arsenic compounds slow down the bone marrow functioning hence decreasing the rate of the red blood cells production. The benzene compounds cause malfunctioning of the bone marrow.
Should This Patient Be Referred for Specialized Care?
The patient should have special care to ascertain that he or she is not in conduct with the toxins. The prolonged conduct with the predisposing factors worsens the condition.
References
Buttaro, T. M., Trybulski, J., Polgar Bailey, P., & Sandberg-Cook, J. (2017). Primary care: A collaborative practice (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Flora, G., Gupta, D., & Tiwari, A. (2012). Toxicity of lead: a review with recent updates. Interdisciplinary toxicology, 5(2), 47-58.
Shavelle, R. M., MacKenzie, R., & Paculdo, D. R. (2012). Anemia and mortality in older persons: does the type of anemia affect survival?. International journal of hematology, 95(3), 248-256.
Wang, M. (2016). Iron Deficiency and Other Types of Anemia in Infants and Children. American family physician, 93(4).