Biology Worksheet Coursework Example
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Cell Biology Worksheet
Part I: Foundations of Cell Biology
Respond to the prompts in the tables below. Each response should be at least 30 words. Cite any references that you use.
Foundations of Chemistry in Biology
Prompt Your response
Describe an example of a chemical reaction that occurs in the body. An example of a chemical reaction that takes place in our body is digestion.The digestion process involves chemical breakdown of food substance into simple molecules through the help of digestive enzymes found in the gut.
Plant Cells
Prompt Your response
Describe the primary structures in plant cells. Cell wall: It is made up of dead cells and is located outside the plasma protein.Golgi bodies control the synthesis of the cell wall.
Protoplasm: It constitutes 90% water while organic and inorganic materials share the remaining 10%.It is made up of a semi-fluid that is elastic and colorless (Alberts et al.,2013).
Cell membrane: A thin film like layer that protects the cell.It is made up of lipids protein and polysaccharides.
Explain the role of each structure in plant cells. Cell wall Offers mechanical support to the cell and gives it a definite shape.
Protoplasm: Communicates with neighboring protoplast through small openings known as plasmodesmata.
Cell membrane Regulates entry and exit of materials in and out of the cell.Allows food subtances get in while allowing nitrogenous waste to leave the cell.
Explain how plant cells make energy for cellular processes.
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Plant cells produce energy by use of chloroplasts that serves as energy factories by combining solar energy , water, and Carbon iv oxide through the process of photosynthesis to produce sugars.
Animal Cells
Prompt Your response
Describe the primary structures in animal cells. Cell membrane: It has a mosaic model and is semi-permeable allowing only small particles to pass through.It is also made up of polar and non-polar heads.
Cytoplasm: It is the fluid that fills the cell where other organelles suspend.
Nucleus: It is covered by a porous membrane that allows entry of proteins.Genetic material such as DNA and RNA are found here.
Centrioles: Located near nuclear and contains microtubules
Explain the role of each structure in animal cells. Cell membrane: The outer covering of the cell that offers protection and is semi-permeable (Fenner et al.,2013).
Cytoplasm: The gel-like matrix where the cell organelles are suspended, and it maintains the pressure of the cell.
Nucleus: The heridatry material that control other cell functions and contains the DNA.
Centrioles: Plays important role during cell division by organizing the microtubules.
Explain how animal cells make energy for cellular processes. Animal cells make energy by cellular respiration to form an energy molecule in the form of ATP through the Krebs cycle.
Bacterial Cells
Prompt Your response
Describe the primary structures in bacteria cells. Flagella: The hair like structure covering part or the whole surface of the cell.
Capsule: A protective layer made-POF multiple layers of polysaccharides and or polypeptides.
Cell wall: A rigid structure made of Peptidoglycan and complex w teichoic acids.
Explain the roles of each structure in bacteria cells. Flagella: Facilitate movement of the bacteria towards the food substance and away from danger.
Capsule: Offers attachment to the surface, prevent phagocytosis and prevent the bacteria from dying out.
Cell wall: Provides the cell with it definite shape and protect it from attacks and from bursting by maintaining pressure
Explain how bacteria cells make energy for cellular processes. Bacteria make energy for cellular processes through glycolysis a chemical process that breaks down glucose to release energy through cellular respiration.
How are plant cells, animal cells, and bacteria cells different? Plant cells belong to the kingdom Plantae, Fungi and Protista.Animal cell belongs to the Kingdom Animalia while bacterias belong to the kingdom Monera.Plant cells and animal cell are Eukaryotic while bacteria cells are prokaryotic.
Part II: Applying The Scientific Method to Everyday Life
Recently, Earl attended a picnic at his daughter’s school. The picnic was a potluck, and the food was served outdoors. Contributions included hamburgers, hot dogs, baked beans, potato chips, potato salad, coleslaw, apple pie, and vanilla ice cream. Within 24 hours of the picnic, several attendees developed symptoms of food poisoning. Of the 50 people who attended the picnic, only 30 people became ill. Every person at the picnic ate something, but not every person had an opportunity to sample each item. Earl noticed that the potato salad he started to eat was warm. He also noticed that his hamburger was somewhat pink in the middle and not fully cooked. Earl wonders if eating the hamburgers or the potato salad could be responsible for making some attendees ill. Earl has begun to apply the scientific method to this common problem. Answer each of the following prompts in at least 75 words.
Prompt Your response
What is Earl’s hypothesis? How did Earl create his theory? The hypothesis that Earl will use is that eating the hamburger and potato salad made attendee ill during the picnic.
Earl created his hypothesis based on his finding on close examination of the food that he ate.The fact that only these two types of food were in bad condition made him suspect them, and this made Earl to create an opinion that hamburger and potato salad were the most probable cause of food poisoning
Describe the steps of the scientific method Earl utilized. Earl used the three initial steps of a scientific approach to creating the hypothesis.The first stage comprises of asking a question of what foods could have caused the illness (Gooding, 2012). The next step is gathering background information to establish exactly what food made people to become ill and this led to the realization that potato salad was warm and the hamburger was uncooked.The third step involved the creation of a hypothesis that to carry out a study to establish whether it is true that hamburger and potato salad caused the food poisoning.
How could Earl use the scientific method to create an experiment to determine which food sources made people sick? The scientific method can be used to create an experiment to determine which sources made people sick by applying the remaining three steps after the creation of the hypothesis.The following phase should include testing of the hypothesis to identify whether hamburger and potato salad were the actual cause of food illness by subjecting all food samples to a food poising test and mking the appropriate data collection.The other stages will comprise analyzing the results of the experiment and then documenting and communicating the results before making a conclusion based on the findings as to which food cuased the illness among the 30 attendees.
References
Alberts, B., Bray, D., Hopkin, K., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., … & Walter, P. (2013). Essential cell biology. Garland Science.
Fenner, F. J., McAuslan, B. R., & Mims, C. A. (2013). The biology of animal viruses. Elsevier.
Gooding, D. C. (2012). Experiment and the making of meaning: Human agency in scientific observation and experiment (Vol. 5). Springer Science & Business Media.
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