Diabetes As A More Common Result Of Excess Blood Glucose

Diabetes as a more common result of excess blood glucose

Diabetes is a chronic disease, which is triggered when the pancreas cannot produce sufficient insulin or even when the organism does not effectively use the insulin it produces. According to estimates, 422 million adults worldwide had diabetes in 2014, compared to the 108 million existing in 1980, so it is expected that by 2040 this figure will increase to 642 millionaffected. This is how the worldwide prevalence of diabetes has almost duplicated, taking into account that of 4.7% increased to 8.5% of the adult population affected by diabetes. (IMSS, 2018)

The Mexican Diabetes Federation determined in 2014 that there are 4 million people in Mexico with this condition. Being Mexico City, Nuevo León, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Durango and San Luid Potosí the states with the highest prevalence. (Basto, 2016)

For its part (WHO, Diabetes, 2020) defines diabetes as:

“A chronic disease that appears when the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin or when the organism does not effectively use the insulin it produces. The effect of non -controlled diabetes is hyperglycemia or the increase in blood sugar ”.

It is also considered a systemic, chronic-degenerative, heterogeneous nature, with varying degrees of hereditary predisposition and with the participation of various environmental factors, characterized by the increase in blood glucose levels, caused by a defect in secretion or actionof insulin and/or insulin resistance produced by the same body.

(Rojas, 2018)

And, in non -diabetic people, glucose levels remain within the narrow limits, which are rarely exceed 130 mg/dl, even when very rich foods have been taken in sugars or fats. Therefore, the stability of blood glucose is due to the existence of mechanisms, which function as extremely sensitive regulators, when a non -diabetic person ingests food, the substrates that they contain manage to absorb from the intestine and pass into the blood, raisingThus glucose levels. (Irigoyen, 2017)

Such a trend in glucose elevation is immediately detected by insulin producing cells in the pancreas that respond with a rapid secretion of it, since, in turn, it passes to muscles cells, fatty tissue and liver, decreasing its level in the blood. Therefore, once glucose has entered the tissues, it is metabolized and produces energy, used to maintain the functions of the organs and their structure, the same is stored in the liver and muscles. (Rojas, 2018)

Also, in a person with diabetes insulin production is diminished or its action is lower, which prevents glucose from penetrating cells and its concentration remains elevated in blood, this excess blood glucose produces a phenomenon of diuresisosmotic and with it severe dehydration, as well as intense thirst. This means that, due to the high levels of glucose in the blood, the kidney acts as a filter for glucose, receives a remarkable overload, given its limited ability to concentrate it, it will be forced to dilute it to excrete it, using water from the organism,Hence dehydration. (Garcia m. Yo., 2017)

On the other hand, the lack of insulin action makes it difficult for the cell to receive the energy contribution from sugars, the body tries to obtain it from fats, which produces a mobilization of the latter that is stored in the tissueadipose. Therefore, this cause of the thinning and excess appetite of many diabetics. (Flores-Bello, 2018)

In relation to this, various disorders in liver and muscular glycogen synthesis can be presented, which leads to weight loss, a decrease in cellular immunity, elevation of blood lipids, among other metabolic consequences, since, since, since,These alterations can progress and thus produce situations of gravity, such as ketoacidosis and non -ketosic hyperosmolar state, being the first most frequent in type 1 diabetes mellitus. (Rojas, 2018)