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Discovery of Insulin

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The Discovery and Effects of Insulin on Diabetes
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Abstract
The world was terrified of diabetes, but that fear disappeared with the discovery of insulin. The doctors knew that high sugar consumption worsened the severity of diabetes, so they felt that the best way to treat this disease was to restrict diabetic patients’ diet to ensure that they kept their sugar intake to a minimum level. In essence, this approach only bought the patients more time of living, but it did not provide a perfect solution. Ironically, the strict diets could even lead to the death of the patients as they result in starvation. In this paper, the author will examine the effects of insulin discovery on diabetes in the modern era. The research will also include the benefits and side effects of the GMO Insulin. The last part of the paper gives the author’s analysis of the paper with the sole focus on the general effects of insulin on the treatment of diabetes. The paper also proposes that researchers can use disadvantages of these supplements to make them more suitable for treating diabetic patients.
Keywords: Insulin Discovery, Effects, Patients, Diabetes
Introduction
The discovery of insulin brought a new method of treatment for diabetes. It directed the doctors out of their reliance on giving diabetic patients harsh diets low in sugar, which they saw as the best remedy for this disease. However, this measure only bought the patients more years to live before they met the inevitable.

Wait! Discovery of Insulin paper is just an example!

In some cases, it even shortened their lives as sticking to such strict diets led to starvation. This paper will examine the effects of insulin discovery on diabetes, with the sole focus on how its modern culturing through the genetically modified yeast and bacteria has saved many lives in the past years.
Materials and Methods
This research will use a set of academic journals and respectable websites to examine the effects of the modern culturing of insulin on the treatment of diabetes. The author will analyze all the sources in line with the topic at hand by extracting the relevant information from them. Not only will it outline the relevance of the sources, but also the parallels between them.
Result
According to the findings of the International Diabetes Federation, medics used pharmaceutical insulin extracted from the pancreas of either pigs or cows before the turn of the 1980s. Since that time, scientists and physicians developed the procedure for attaching the gene of a human for the production of insulin to the bacteria E. Coli’s DNA. With this new approach, they produce genetically cultured insulin widely referred to as the GMO Insulin. At the same time, genetically modified bacteria are viewed as the perfect ingredient for producing pharmaceutical insulin. Besides the bacteria E. coli, the baker’s yeast has also become a common platform for the attachment of human gene that produces insulin.
Despite the primary drawbacks in the production of insulin, the modern-biotechnologies such as genetic engineering make it possible to produce almost any protein with the help of bacteria. As a result, creating expensive medicines that can act as vaccines or hormones using genetically modified yeasts and bacteria has become a less daunting task. One of the factors that make medics rely on the genetically cultured insulin is the fact that they come with a range of benefits, especially its effects on diabetes CITATION Mer14 l 1033 (Knight, 2014).
GMO insulin is a proper remedy for Diabetes Type 1, which arises from the inability of the pancreas to produce (natural) insulin. Here, they act as supplements that cover the deficit of insulin and regulate the sugar content of the blood CITATION Ama13 l 1033 (Maxham, 2013). In their study to determine the effects of genetically cultured insulin on Type 1 Diabetes, Yoon and Jun (2002) found that developing the substitutes of β-cell by binding a gene that produces insulin to the non-β cells reduced the severity of diabetes. The genetically cultured insulin evades any autoimmune attack that targets the β-cell, protecting the body from diabetes CITATION JiW02 l 1033 (Yoon & Jun 2002).
Vajo and Duckworth (2000) argue that the genetically modified insulin can help diabetic patients in many ways. For example, adding Lispro insulin to meals and using daily injections of NPH insulin are perfect remedies for an intensive diabetic therapy. They argue that this regimen can also improve cases of imbalanced counter-regulation and unawareness of hypoglycemia – a common condition in diabetic patients. Since renal failure interacts the metabolism of both insulin and glucose, handling patients suffering from the disease of end-stage renal proves daunting. One of the symptoms of such diabetics is a significant fluctuation in the daily level of blood glucose, which leads to the rise of other complications. In such a situation, using insulin Lispro is likely to help the patient avoid the significant blood glucose fluctuations CITATION Zol00 l 1033 (Vajo & Duckworth, 2000).
Despite the advantages that come with using GMO Insulin, these supplements can also cause several side effects. Studies show that some people with diabetes face more health problems when using GMO insulin while some patients can even die from using them. Other health issues associated with the use of genetically cultured insulin include kidney damage, nerve malfunction, and blindness CITATION BBC14 l 1033 (BBC, 2014).
Analysis
Technology has played an integral in the overall advancement of the field of health in the past years. For example, the modern culturing through the genetically modified yeast and bacteria has saved many lives in the past years by giving both medics and patients a better way of fighting diabetes. Just as this paper demonstrated, GMO Insulin improves the health of patients who have Type 1 Diabetes by covering the deficit of insulin and regulating the sugar content of the blood. In addition to that, the genetically cultured insulin evades any autoimmune attack that targets the β-cell, protecting the body from diabetic health hazards. At the same time, the use of these supplements also comes with some side effects that can harm the life of a diabetic patient who uses them. The use of GMO Insulin can cause kidney damage, nerve malfunction, and blindness, as well as death in adverse cases. The disadvantages of these medications open a forum for further research on how the medics can develop them to improve the health of diabetic patients.
References
BIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 BBC. (2014). Advantages and disadvantages of GM Insulin. Retrieved from BBC: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_edexcel/cells/dnarev6.shtml
Knight, M. (2014, July 1). Anti-GMO advocates try to scare people with diabetes off life-saving genetically engineered drug treatment. Retrieved from Genetic Literacy Project: https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2014/07/01/anti-gmo-advocates-try-to-scare-diabetics-off-life-saving-genetically-engineered-drug-treatment/
Maxham, A. (2013, July 22). Brewing Insulin Using Genetically Modified Bacteria. Retrieved from The Ayn Rand Institute: https://ari.aynrand.org/blog/2013/07/22/brewing-insulin-using-genetically-modified-bacteria
Vajo, Z., & Duckworth, W. C. (2000). Genetically Engineered Insulin Analogs: Diabetes in the New Millenium. Pharmacological Reviews, 1-10.
Yoon, J.-W., & Jun, H.-S. (2002). Recent advances in insulin gene therapy for type 1 diabetes. Trends in Molecular Medicine, 62–68.

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