Draft Chapter 5: Conclusion

Draft Chapter 5: Conclusion
Students Name
Institution

Implications
Research indicates that there is a direct relationship between depression and work performance. The major depressive disorder has the effect of increasing lost productive time which is the reduced performance while an employee is at work. However, depression can be treated using the cognitive behavioral therapy which is empirically-validated psychotherapy that is endorsed for first-line management of depression. Depression has the effect of increased absenteeism and presenteeism. Presenteeism is linked with more serious depression symptoms such as worse general physical health, less job control, and others (Lerner et al., 2010).
On the other hand, absences are linked with depression severity and decreased bodily health. Depression symptoms are associated with work absences and impaired work performance. Depressed employees can benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy. It is a strategy that addresses problems increases happiness by changing dysfunctional emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. This method focuses on getting solutions by trying to alter inaccurate cognitions and transform destructive patterns of behavior.
The study is essential for participants since it indicates that depression affects how they perform at work and therefore it is a severe condition that requires treatment. The use of cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in addressing the condition, and consequently, they need to work with mental health professionals so that they can be assisted to recover from depression and therefore maximize their potential in the workplace.

Depression is directly linked with workplace performance, and thus these results would help the study participants to know that depression affects their health and ultimately their job performance. These employees would realize that depression is an issue that requires attention since it is harmful to themselves and their jobs (Adler et al., 2006).
The communities where the participants originate needs to understand that depression is a severe illness that affects the normal functioning of an individual. The community needs to identify members who are depressed and assist them so that they can receive proper treatment to ensure that they remain to be productive members of society. The results of the study can help communities address the problem by reducing the factors that cause depression. Education can assist members of a community to learn about depression and how they can solve it to ensure that that the members of a community are helped to prevent and overcome the issue.
Mental health professionals need to use empirically-validated psychotherapy methods of treating depression such as cognitive behavioral therapy since it is effective. Employers need to understand that depression can affect work performance and therefore needs to ensure that all their employees are tested and treated for the condition if they have it to ensure they perform them jobs as expected. The new knowledge helps scientists conduct further experiments on the subject to establish whether the new evidence is reliable or not. The role of scientists is to carry out research and to gather evidence that can be used to address problems. Scientists can approve or disprove the results by conducting further studies on the same issue and therefore reliable evidence that can be used in solving the issue. Employees have an unmet need for high-quality depression treatment. Work conditions also contribute to depression. Strategies such as vocational counseling, stress management, job redesign are some of the strategies that can assist employees to recuperate from depression and maintain their productivity (Woo et al., 2011).
The study is vital in regards to studying occupational depression. The research is essential and requires funding to ensure that proper investigations are done to ensure that the evidence is proven. The stakeholders will realize the effects of depression on work performance, and therefore they will understand what they need to do regarding employees to ensure that the condition is addressed. Health promotion services need to be integrated into medical care settings. Further, occupational health clinics and employee assistance programs are necessary to educate employees as well as employers on the impact of depression in the workplace to provide support for employees (Lerner et al., 2010).
Limitations
Random sampling was hard to be achieved in this study, and therefore consecutive sampling was applied to select each real subject in a certain period to reduce probable selection bias from non-probability sampling. The other limitation occurred during interpretation where the study only considered the employees with a majority depression disorder who had the chance of visiting a psychiatrist. The sample might not represent all employees who have depression in the place of work. The study had a selection bias since it did not include employees who employee who had been fired due to depression, suicidal patients, as well as those who did not seek psychiatric care. Further, the research did not include a control group due to ethical issues since the work was not conducted on an experimental setting rather it was a carried out in real-world clinical practice. Further, the study was subjective rather than objective in its measurement of lost productivity (Ivandic et al., 2017).
The strength of the study is that it established the reasons why depressed workers spent more time in the workplace. These employees were unable to concentrate on their work. They also felt the need to work more hours due to the missed time due to absenteeism.
The results indicated that employees who spent more time in their workplace increase costs for an organization more than employees who are absent since such employees are paid based on hours worked, but they do not perform as expected.
Employers may benefit a lot from extensions of the research beyond the present scope of the research question since they can establish the reasons behind poor performance and increased costs for an organization and therefore handle it for high productivity and profits. Experimental research could provide additional information since it can employ a better control group and also include people who were excluded in this research for better results. Employers and employees can work together to prevent mood disorders among employees.
Suggestions for Future Research
Additional research is needed in the future to approximate the return on investment of employers as well as the cost-benefit of handling depressive disorders in organizations. These studies would help increase awareness of positive effects for employers, employees, families, and society. The current research problem can be expanded to cover small and medium-sized populations so that a representative sample can be obtained to ensure that the results can be generalized. Additional research is needed to test the interventions focusing on supporting depressed employees on-the-job performance to determine the most effective methods to ensure that depressed workers are helped to overcome their problems. Gaps exist in service research, testing innovations that seek to change work conditions, practices and policies, and employee-level interventions (Adler et al., 2006). These strategies have the potential of assisting employees with mental health issues to keep their jobs.

References
Adler, D. A., McLaughlin, T. J., Rogers, W. H., Chang, H., Lapitsky, L., & Lerner, D. (2006). Job performance deficits due to depression. The American journal of psychiatry, 163(9), 1569-76.
Lerner, D., Adler, D. A., Rogers, W. H., Chang, H., Lapitsky, L., McLaughlin, T., & Reed, J. (2010). Work performance of employees with depression: the impact of work stressors. American journal of health promotion : AJHP, 24(3), 205-13.
Ivandic, I., Kamenov, K., Rojas, D., Cerón, G., Nowak, D., & Sabariego, C. (2017). Determinants of work performance in workers with depression and anxiety: A cross-sectional study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(5), 466.
Woo, J. M., Kim, W., Hwang, T. Y., Frick, K. D., Choi, B. H., Seo, Y. J., … & Park, Y. L. (2011). Impact of depression on work productivity and its improvement after outpatient treatment with antidepressants. Value in Health, 14(4), 475-482.