Fear Of The Death Of Older Adults In Life Cartagena Centers

Fear of the death of older adults in Life Cartagena centers

Introduction

Collet and Lester 1969 defined the fear of death in a multidimensional way, clearly differentiated between fear of death as such and fear of the process of dying, that is, what leads the individual to respond differently to the notion of death asState or as a process, they differentiated attitudes and emotions towards death depending on whether they were the notion of their own death or that of others. These authors proposed a scale to measure fear of death.

The general objective of the present investigation was to describe the fear of death in the elderly of the life centers of the urban area of Cartagena, 2019.

Developing

The issue of death is still culturally little accepted, something I do not know how to talk about, and although research has been done regarding this issue, in Cartagena there was no scientific evidence of the subject. Taking into account the above, this study can be a first approach to know if the elders of the life centers are afraid of death and offer necessary information based on real data, mainly to nursing professionals, in order to provideNot only physical care, but also cover the emotional and psychological needs of the elderly, improving the quality of life, making them enjoy and face serenity and positive attitude to death.

On the other hand, old age is considered the stage of the life cycle that begins around 65 years and ends with death.

Aging according to Harman, could be defined as the progressive accumulation of changes in time that are responsible for increasing the probability of getting sick and dying of the individual.

According to WHO, the world’s adult population is aging by accelerated steps, therefore it is expected that from 2000 to 2050, the number of inhabitants on the planet over 60 years will double, from 11% to 22%. In absolute numbers, this age group will go from 605 million to 2000 million in the course of half a century, having a greater demographic impact on developing countries.

Thus in European countries such as Spain there is a growth of demographic aging faster than the rest of the European community countries. Future forecasts indicate that in 2050 there will be 16 million older people, which correspond to 30% of the total population. While in the East 180 million inhabitants exceed 60 years, just over 13% of the population.

Landing in Latin America, in Chile life expectancy at 60 reached 17.2, living, on average, up to 77.2 years. In the 2005-2010 five-year period, people who could expect to live up to 82.8 years and by 2050 are projected that this figure will reach 85.6. In Colombia according to data from the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), in 2011 a population of 46 was presented in Colombia.043.696, of which 10.04% were older people, the above means that from 2011 to 2020 the population of the elderly in Colombia exceeded 0.39%, in cities like Cartagena according to population projections from 2011 to 2015 there will be 16.880 older people, that is, in 2015 Cartagena had 107.257 older people.

Comparing the statistics mentioned above, it is evident that the population of older adults predominates with respect to other populations. Starting that old age is considered the final stage of the vital trajectory, bringing the person to death, generated in it a wide variety of changes and losses that can transcend in a positive or negative way, as a rejection of realitythat damage their quality of life, so it is expected that in old age the person would face the changes and death.

AMs have more life expectancy, however, they are also closer to the end of their life. Therefore, the form of perceiving death of the elderly, has influence of various factors, including the loss of a loved one, diseases, the separation of children, retirement, and the elaboration of corresponding duels.

Death, having an unknown character, generates various fears or fears, oriented mainly to the beyond, to the judgment of God, to leave their loved ones, but above all the greatest fear is to face an agony or pains that cannot endure”Uribe a. According to Viguera, and that there are strategies that will allow to overcome or control fears, for example;Talk about them, write them, or restructure the myths in relation to death.

In a study conducted in Mexico in 2015, Sánchez M. valued the attitude towards death and the process of dying, own and that of others. He took a sample 120 people divided into two groups: 52 young and 68 elderly adults;and the scale of fear of the death of Collet and Lester was used. The study concluded that young people showed more fear of their own death while older adults showed more fear of the death of others.

Another study in Chile in 2011, which investigated factors linked to the quality of life in major adulthood, found that the worst domain evaluated by all participants was that of death and dying. It seems that death would not be perceived as a natural stage of life.

Uribe a. In Cali-Colombia, a study on attitude and fear in the face of death, informed a significant difference between men and women, in which an average score was obtained on all scales, where the highest percentage is located on the scale ofExhaust acceptance (87, 6%) and approach acceptance (86, 4%). In the high score the highest percentage is located on the neutral acceptance scale with a value of 25.8%. Finally, within the low score, the highest percentage was presented in the Death Avoidance Scale (24.1%). That is, there is an ambivalence that range from an attitude of rejection and with it the avoidance of the issue of death and every situation, dialogue, place, that is associated with it;even an attitude of trust and acceptance between the different socio -economic strata and depending on religion.

Posada v. And Herazo M, in Medellín they talk about attitudes towards death in a sample of older adults between 60 to more years in the terminal phase in different geriatric centers showed that fear of death arises as a result of the lack of meaning of one’s life andof death itself.

conclusion

These findings allow us to understand the relevance and relevance of the subject to investigate. In Cartagena, life centers offer primary health care services to older adults, gathering a population close to 1.013 people from the urban areas of the district. Currently, there are 12 life centers aimed at providing comprehensive care during the day to older adults, making a contribution that impacts their quality of life and well -being.

Life centers attend these older adults who show a certain degree of dissatisfaction in the resolution of their basic needs, and/or are in conditions of vulnerability and poverty, such as food, clothing, accommodation, and living in conditions ofwidowhood or singleness loneliness. Therefore, for these adults thinking about death is something inevitable especially when they are faced with it because of the deterioration of their health, the health of their friends and relatives and in addition to the death of friends and contemporary family. Although death is something inevitable and non -transferable, an event that is innate to the human being, generates confusion, doubts and mostly fear, a large number of older adults see death as something positive as a form of escape, knowing if you feelFear of death,