Globalization And Its Scale Effects On Society

Globalization and its scale effects on society

INTRODUCTION

The constant advances in societies have allowed an economic, political, social and cultural integration to be carried out worldwide, this process of linking between countries known as globalization has been an influential factor in the levels of inequality and poverty since it has deleted commercial barriers resulting in a greater linkage of national economies. There are contradictory opinions about globalization, which will manifest throughout this writing in order to know if globalization has contributed to reducing the levels of inequality and poverty in the world in recent decades, in addition the attitude that The states must take in front of this event.

Rodrik mentions in chapter nine of his book "An economy, many recipes" that globalization is a process that has been of great relevance since it has generated a constant reduction in the global poverty index. In addition, he considers that his integration with the world economy has allowed the growth of the country. Therefore, this author raises the following: China has had spectacular growth “with an average of almost 8 percent per capita per capita (…), India’s performance has not been so extraordinary, but the growth rate (… ) is 1.5 percent per capita at 3.7 percent ". These percentages indicate that their growth has generated an inverse effect on the poverty variable, whose empirical concept shows that the greater the economic growth, the lower the poverty of the country, this is due to the way in which globalization has been managed by these countries, which have managed to take advantage of the opportunities presented to the maximum.

In a report issued by the World Bank in 2014, it is evident that “Eastern Asia and the Pacific, the proportion of the population that lives with less than US $ 1.25 per day (A PPA) decreased, surprisingly, 77% in 1981 at 14% in 2008 ". This effect not only raised in this part of the world, it should be included that in South Asia and Sub -Saharan Africa, the proportion of people in extreme poverty decreased in the last two decades. "In the coastal regions, much better than the interior, there has been a remarkable reduction in poverty rates on almost everywhere". It is denoted thus, that inequality levels have been decreasing according to the income received by countries with large emerging economies with respect to rich countries.

In contrast to the ideas exposed above, the World Bank said that the globalization process is reflected in “24 developing countries, which add 3.000 million people, doubled the trade/income proportion in the last two decades (…) the technological advance in transport and communications (…) improve their investment climates and open to foreign trade ”. This recent globalization wave indicates that the most benefited are developed countries, which are composed of a minority of people, this evidence shows that the inequality gap increases worldwide, that is, the number of poor people continues to increase , although there is an improvement in the quality of life, differences between people’s income are still perceived, leading to the concentration of wealth being unfair. In the International Forum on Globalization it is noted that "those who defend globalization say that this model is the wave that will raise all boats, but citizen movements argue that it will only raise yachts".

Globalization has not been accepted by many people, which generated mass surveys against this current, the groups of this movement are “against inequality, poverty, injustice, and in favor of solidarity, the environment and democracy ". According to this movement known as anti -globalization, it seeks an improvement in globalization management in order to achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth, and in turn helping developing countries, with capital and supplies necessary for their modernization. “Some determinants of inequality are: technological change, globalization. the low protection of temporary employees and low minimum wages ”. All these variables generate that the most affected are poor countries, which is why union, indigenous, environmental and other minorities have joined the levels of inequality.

To deal with inequality or poverty, states must take various measures taking into account issues such as “low levels of industrial and agricultural productivity, inadequate human and environmental health, poor education, misguided water management practices, non -reliable communication services, non -reliable communication services and insufficient access to information ". Therefore, states must prepare and apply public policies giving “priority to the human rights of the most disadvantaged groups, especially people living in extreme poverty”, also should be taken into account budgetary measures to raise sufficient money and than These resources are used efficiently so that equality between societies will be carried out, thus problems such as discrimination would be avoided.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, globalization has contributed to poverty reduction, which is actually shown, however, the beneficiaries of this decrease in inequality levels have been developed countries while the countries that make up the periphery are socially excluded generating as a consequence lack of opportunities that impact the life expectations of social groups. For this reason, intervention by states must be used in order to control income inequality, and this is achieved through tax collection and the development of projects for people living in extreme poverty.

REFERENCES

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