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Types of Orthopedic Impairments
Cerebral palsy
It is an impairment of movement and posture and is common to school-age children. It results from an abnormality of brain growth which is caused by prolonged diseases (Heward et al. 374). Often, Cerebral palsy is caused by injuries or illness that are prenatal, perinatal or postnatal. The victims are associated with disturbances of their voluntary motor functions. Therefore, such conditions can be managed through a cooperative involvement of various stakeholders such as occupational therapist, counselors and communication specialists.
Spina Bifida
It is a condition in which spine and spinal cord do not form properly. It is attributable to a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors such as family history of neural tube defects and folate deficiency. The complications of this disorder include shunt malfunction, walking, and mobility problem, accumulation of fluid in the brain, skin problem and sleep disorder (Heward et al. 376). However, spina bifida can be prevented by taking folic acid in supplement form by pregnant mothers to reduce the risk of other neural defects.
Muscular Dystrophy
It is a group of muscle disease that causes progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass over time. There are specific genes which make dystrophin protein that protects muscle fiber from any damage. Hence, Muscular dystrophy is caused when these genes become defective. The affected children have difficulty in getting to their feet after lying down.

Unfortunately, the treatment for this disorder is yet to be established.
Spinal Cord Injuries
It is damage to the spinal cord that causes a temporary or permanent change in its normal function. The common causes are accidents, diseases like polio and physical assaults which result in direct trauma to the nerves themselves or from soft tissues that surround the spinal cord (Heward et al. 377). The remedy for the affected people includes physical therapy and use of adaptive gadget for mobility.

Work Cited
Heward, William L, Sheila R. Alber, and Moira Konrad. Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, Pearson Education, Kindle Edition, (2017): 373-377.