Origin Of Political Science In The Middle Ages

Origin of Political Science in the Middle Ages

Introduction

The theme discussed in the Chair of Political Science through an exhibition, we encompass points to determine about political thinking in the Middle Ages, we will expose what it is, in which it consists, when it arose, we must take into account that this Middle Ages is subdivided into three ages: Early Middle Ages which emphasizes the mode of production that during the development of this research work will be studying, at this age mentioned there was also the so -called social status that we will break down and seeing who headed it, another point of this early age isThe Church, we will emphasize it and its relationship with politics.

Then, we will study at the so -called High Middle Ages, in this second age we will meet Carlos Martel, during the development we will clarify who this character was during the High Middle Ages, at this age the so -called Carolingian dynasty is extinct, the divine power takesTotal authority about a particular power that will already be mentioned.

Finally, we will study in the low Middle Ages based on the religious institution investigating what happened at this age exposed, another point to investigate is what is the absolutist monarchy?, Point belonging to the low Middle Ages, we will soon see what arose as a result of everything mentioned about these stages, this present work together with the exhibition carried out and reinforced by the DR. Daniel Toro will help us better understand this topic raised, thus obtaining a clear knowledge of these ages for the evidence raised in the Chair of Political Science and in the future to be able to raise it on issues such as forums.

Developing

Political thought in the Middle Ages: Age given in the fifteenth century, this mentioned thought refers to an abstract type of thought, occurs with principles that proclaimed the emancipation of religion with respect to politics, separating fields of action and specifying its limits.

Pointing out the settlement of the Church other than the State says Hearnshaw the end of that subordination of the divine cult of the civil administration that had been the remarkable characteristic of the Greek and Roman polis (city-state). (Ricaurte, 2009)

This thought as we already mentioned in a small introduction is subdivided into several stages such as:

Early Middle Ages: Extended from the fall of the Empire to the barbarian invasions of the ninth century, characterized by the formation of Roman, Germanic kingdoms, the Byzantine empire and the appearance and expansion of Islam.

There was a mode of production known as feudalism which was a social, political and economic system that prevailed during the age mentions which is the Middle Ages. One of the main characteristics of feudalism was the decentralization of power, exercised through noble organized in feudos, another characteristic of this mode of production is the bonds of dependence which became personal disappearing the conception of the man linked to a state and toterritorial laws and originating the dependence of a man with respect to the other. (Criado, 2001)

Then, we can emphasize the social status mentioned above, this status consists in having as head the feudal man who was the political head, in turn it was also a military chief who in his charge was several functions which were to legislate, establish taxes, especially spread justice.

Then the vassals follow his function consisted of being assistants of the feudal Lord and finally the servants who had to serve the feudal man in exchange for: security, protection, refuge. Another point to deal with in this investigation is the Church, which already begins to adhere more about the policy made decision about it.

High Middle Ages: It is the name granted to the first centuries of the so -called Middle Ages. It is considered that it begins after the fall of the Roman Empire of the West, in the year 476, and lasts until approximately the eleventh century. Previously, we had said that we would talk about Carlos Martel who was the founder of the Carolingian dynasty that Kingdom in France and Germany. At this stage of the Middle Ages the Carolingian dynasty disappears and therefore religion appears.

Given this, the Church becomes a government institution with its highest authority who was the Pope in him fell all power. There was also the supremacy of divine power over civil power resulting in the appearance of theocracy. Finally we will go to the last stage which is low Middle Ages: the low Middle Ages begins from the 12th to the 15th century, it is a stage many political and economic and cultural changes.

At the beginning of this stage the Crusades (8 in total) were organized, which were wars to defense of the holy places in Palestine (although they finally remained in the hands of Muslims). These crusades were religious and military expeditions.

It was also at this time that the Schism of the West occurred. After the great economic increase that was in the first centuries, it followed a tough crisis, bad harvests and the increase in prices affected the weakest or poor sectors of the population.

The situation aggravated when the plague struck Europe resulting in the decrease in the population up to fifty percent. Feudalism began its weakening, the peasants rose and revealed causing great clashes.

The peasants began to emigrate to the cities, to be able to develop different economic activities so that the cities were seen with more labor, these changes gave rise to a new social class, the bourgeoisie that were nothing more than a new class formed byartisans and merchants that arise in the surroundings of cities in the low Middle Ages.

The above was the explanation of the two stages that the Middle Ages had, having clearer what this time was now we go with the main characteristics or those consequences that this time brought both political, socially, economic and religious. (Valadés, 2006)

conclusion

• In the exposed work it could be concluded that the Middle Ages was subdivided into three stages and in these stages the Church entered.
• We can appreciate as a conclusion that in the Middle Ages is a historical stage almost ten centuries that are between ancient and in the modern era, emerging after the fall of the Roman Empire, and in which that period entered into a total obscurantism throughof the fifteenth century.
• In the early Middle Ages feudalism became a mode of production, the polis disappeared completely and as already mentioned in the church begins to make decisions about politics.