They say I say / by Gerald Graff

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Graff, Gerald, and Cathy Birkenstein. “They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing.” (2009).
The authors state that in academic writing, there should be an explicit explanation of the written work. While writing concerning a particular topic, it is crucial for the writer to explain the thesis as well as have a consideration of the views of other scholars and critics regarding the issue in discussion. In both long and short writing, the author should explore the thesis and what others say (the critics) to ensure that the readers or the audience understand the issue that the writer is putting forth.
Also, the book talks about summarizing of other people’s work which is crucial in writing. Most of the authors, when presented with a work to summarize, end up giving their views instead of summarizing or paraphrasing the main ideas of the work. While summarizing, the authors state that it is imperative to put oneself in the shoes of the other author to summarize the given work efficiently. Consecutively, the summary should fit one’s agenda. While summarizing, the author should use appropriate words and verbs to ensure that he or she achieves the objective of fitting the other author’s work into one’s agenda in writing.
Also, it is crucial to master the art of quoting. In this case, the writer presents the text as the original author originally wrote it without summarizing or paraphrasing. While writing the quotation, it is essential for a writer to assess the relevance of the quotation concerning the issue in discussion.

Also, the quotations should be understandable to the readers or the audience. After presenting the quote, the write needs to explain the quote and create a connection to his or her argument.
Conclusion
The practice of academic writing requires the writers to not only present their arguments but also to present the views of other profound scholars. The views of the other scholars or critics are the “they say” in writing. A writer can present the work of other authors by summarizing and paraphrasing or direct quotes. After the presentation of the views of other scholars and critics, the writer can then proceed to create a connection between the summarized or quoted work and his or her arguments. Consequently, the creation of the link enables the readers or the audience to understand the relevance of the issue in discussion.

Works Cited
Graff, Gerald, and Cathy Birkenstein. “They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing.” (2009).