experimental studies

Ethical Issues Associated with Experimental Studies
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Ethical considerations denote the expected code of conduct when carrying experimental studies. There are several issues that both researchers and respondents have to adhere to during studies. Some of the ethical considerations to be addressed during experimental studies include informed consent, the researcher-participant relationship, deception, and patient safety.
Informed Consent
Informed consent denotes the process of informing a study participant about all the aspects of the experimental study. Informed consent is not only an ethical requirement, but it is also a legal requirement when conducting experiments involving people. A participant should be informed about the expected benefits or risks they are likely to encounter during the study (Nijhawan et al., 2013). For instance, experimental studies involving drugs should have informed consent.
Researcher-participant Relationship
For any experimental studies, the researcher and the participant should not develop intimate relationship since it raises ethical questions regarding privacy, honesty, and creating open interactions (Sanjari, Bahramnezhad, Fomani, Shoghi, & Cheraghi, 2014).
Patient Safety
Research guidelines point out that before conducting any research, the research should be evaluated to establish its safety. The study should not expose participants to risks that might affect their mental or physical health. Additionally, vulnerable populations should not be exposed to safety violations during studies (World Health Organization, 2013).

Deception
Deception denotes a situation where a participant fails to divulge truthful information to the researchers. During experimental studies, it is expected that the respondents should give truthful feedback regarding the study (Boynton, Portnoy, & Johnson, 2013). It is unethical to provide deceiving feedback since it might lead the researchers drawing a false conclusion regarding a study. For instance, during a drug test, respondents are expected to give truthful information concerning the effects of the drug under test.
Conclusion
In finality, it is important to uphold ethical issues when conducting research involving human participants. The ethical issues to put into considerations during experimental studies include but not limited to informed consent, the researcher-participant relationship, deception, and patient safety. Further, the ethical considerations are to be upheld by both the researchers and participants.

References
Boynton, M. H., Portnoy, D. B., & Johnson, B. T. (2013). Exploring the Ethics and Psychological Impact of Deception in Psychological Research. IRB, 35(2), 7–13.
Nijhawan, L. P., Janodia, M. D., Muddukrishna, B. S., Bhat, K. M., Bairy, K. L., Udupa, N., & Musmade, P. B. (2013). Informed consent: Issues and challenges. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 4(3), 134–140. http://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.116779Sanjari, M., Bahramnezhad, F., Fomani, F. K., Shoghi, M., & Cheraghi, M. A. (2014). Ethical challenges of researchers in qualitative studies: the necessity to develop a specific guideline. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 7, 14.
World Health Organization. (2013). Ethical issues in patient safety research: Interpreting existing guidance. Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85371/1/9789241505475_eng.pdf